Cherem/Shamta/Niduy חרם-שמתא-נידוי - Forms of Ex-Communication

Ex-Communication in a Dream

Warning for the party before ex-communication: Moed Katan 16a

By a summoned party who refuses to show in court, the ex-communication includes mention of the name of the Sage involved, and uses the language of "Cherem": Moed Katan 16a [See Rashi "UMacharimin"]

Blowing of a Ram's Horn: Moed Katan 17b

A bill, known as a "Peticha": Rosh HaShanah 31b

Beginning or Continuing a period of ex-communication through the Intermediate Days of Holidays: Moed Katan 14b

Whether "Niduy" is equivalent to "Shamta" or not: Nedarim 7b

Duration of the "Niduy" brand of ex-communication: Moed Katan 16a

Duration of the "Shamta" brand of ex-communication: Moed Katan 16a

Duration of the "Nezifah" brand of ex-communication: Moed Katan 16a

Duration of modern "Nezifah": Moed Katan 16b

Duration of "Nezifah" by the Jewish Leader: Moed Katan 16b

Differentiating durations for different types of ex-communication in Israel and Bavel: Moed Katan 16a-b

Considering part of the last day of ex-communication to be like the entire day, to end the period early in the day: Moed Katan 16b

Self Ex-Communication: Moed Katan 17a; Nedarim 7b

Ex-Communication without the presence of the subject: Moed Katan 17a-b

Ex-communicating someone before one's teacher: Eruvin 63a

Ex-communication requires rescension even if it is conditional, and the condition does not come true: Makkot 11b

Rescension can follow the ex-communication immediately: Nedarim 7b

Rescension of the "Shamta" brand of ex-communication before its automatic 30-day period: Moed Katan 16a

Rescension by a party who was not involved in the original ex-communication: Moed Katan 16a

Whether each individual involved in the ex-communication rescinds his own portion, and what happens if one of them dies before the time for rescension: Moed Katan 16a

What to do if one doesn't know who ex-communicated him: Moed Katan 17a

For a Torah Scholar to revoke his own ex-communication of himself: Moed Katan 17a; Nedarim 7b

Whether rescension of an ex-communication which was performed before a certain Sage, requires his presence for the rescension as well: Nedarim 7b [2x]

Requiring 10 people [and what type of people] for rescension of certain types of ex-communication: Nedarim 8a

The word "Shamta" implies Death or Desolation: Moed Katan 17a

The Numerical Value of the word "Cherem" implies that ex-communication affects all 248 limbs of an individual: Moed Katan 17a

Considering Ex-Communication to be more severe than Whipping for Violation of Rabbinic Rulings: Pesachim 52a

Considering ex-communication to be more severe than a straightforward prohibition: Niddah 13b

Whether a Sage must abide by an ex-communication declared by his Student, and the Student by that of the Sage: Moed Katan 16a, 17a

Whether an ex-communication extends to other towns as well: Moed Katan 16a

Whether an ex-communication by the Leader of the Jews holds for all Jews, and the reverse: Moed Katan 16a

Power of a student who ex-communicates specifically for his own honor: Moed Katan 16a, 17a

For a person who refuses to answer two Court summonses: Moed Katan 16a

If one hears another person use Gd's Name in vain: Nedarim 7b

For a court which acts improperly: Nedarim 20a

Use of the levels of "Cherem" and "Niduy" for one who refuses to answer Court Summonses: Rosh HaShanah 31b, Moed Katan 16a

Multiple ex-communications for one who insults Torah Scholars: Moed Katan 16a

For arousing the evil inclination: Niddah 13b

For one who causes himself to have sexual thoughts: Niddah 13b

To force an assailant to travel to Israel with the victim, to pay the fine: Ketuvot 41b; Bava Kama 15b

For someone who breaks a Rabbinic Law: Shabbat 130a; Kiddushin 39a

For speaking ill of a deceased Torah scholar: Berachot 19a

For someone who takes ritual hand-washing lightly: Berachot 19a

For someone who calls someone else an Eved: Kiddushin 28a

For addressing Gd arrogantly in prayer: Berachot 19a

For someone who maintains a dangerous item in his house: Ketuvot 41b; Bava Kama 15b

For someone who works on The Day Before Pesach after mid-day: Pesachim 50b

For someone who travels on the Second Day of Holidays in Exile: Pesachim 52a

For someone who misquotes a Torah lesson: Bava Metzia 47a

For improperly giving people roasted meat on Pesach night: Pesachim 53a-b

For working while there is a Corpse awaiting Burial in town: Moed Katan 27b

For a person who is about to perform a rabbinically prohibited act on Shabbat: Eruvin 63a

For people who stop attending a class: Kiddushin 25a

Ex-Communication of a Torah Scholar about whom bad rumors abound: Moed Katan 17a

General ex-communication of Torah Scholars: Moed Katan 17a

One should be wary of placing Torah Scholars in Ex-Communication: Pesachim 52a

Ex-communication of Barak on "Mayroz," who was either one of Sisra's leaders or Sisra's Mazal: Moed Katan 16a

Insitution of the Court in Usha preventing ex-communication of a Chief Justice who sins only once: Moed Katan 17a

For failure to honor the Torah and its scholars: Berachot 19a

For disagreeing with the majority in a matter of law: Berachot 19a [see Rashi "medameh"]

A large stone is placed on his coffin if he dies under ex-communication: Berachot 19a; Moed Katan 15a

Effect of ex-communication on those who eat/drink/associate with the ex-communicated person: Moed Katan 16a

Publication of the ex-communicated person's sin in his town: Moed Katan 16a

Flogging for remaining in ex-communication for 30 days without attempting to get it repealed: Kiddushin 12b

Shaving: Moed Katan 15a [2x]

Laundering: Moed Katan 15a [2x]

Wearing a covering over his head: Moed Katan 15a

Wearing Phylacteries: Moed Katan 15a

Greeting others: Moed Katan 15a

Learning Torah: Moed Katan 15a, 15b

Hiring a worker, or being hired: Moed Katan 15a, 15b

Differentiating, for business and for learning Torah, between one in the "Cherem" category and one in the "Niduy" category: Moed Katan 15a

Tearing his clothing: Moed Katan 15a; Bava Metzia 59b

Overturning his bed: Moed Katan 15b

Sitting on the floor: Bava Metzia 59b

Going to work: Moed Katan 15b

Bathing: Moed Katan 15b

Wearing [leather] shoes, on the road or in town: Moed Katan 15b; Bava Metzia 59b

Sexual relations: Moed Katan 15b; Nedarim 20b

Sending Temple Offerings via proxy: Moed Katan 15b

One who is unmarried, or married without children, or who has children and doesn't raise them to learn Torah: Pesachim 113b

One who does not wear Phylacteries and Tzitzit-Fringes, and have a Mezuzah-Scroll on his Doorpost: Pesachim 113b

One who doesn't wear shoes: Pesachim 113b

One who doesn't take part in a Meal of a Mitzvah: Pesachim 113b

Adam creating demonic spirits with seed he accidentally wasted during his one hundred and thirty years of ex-communication: Eruvin 18b

Wearing a covering over his head: Moed Katan 15a

Greeting others: Moed Katan 15a

Sexual relations: Moed Katan 15b

Sending Temple Offerings via proxy: Moed Katan 15b

Rabbi Eliezer: Berachot 19a; Shabbat 130b; Bava Metzia 59b; Niddah 7b [acc. to Rashi]

"Berachah": Bava Metzia 59b

"Stand in your place": Yevamot 105b

"I don't recognize you": Moed Katan 16a

"Is someone calling you outside?": Moed Katan 16b

"Go (tell them to) stay indoors": Kiddushin 25a

"Cast sparks of fire [pulsa d'nura] into your face": Bava Metzia 47a



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